Marxist criticism, named after Karl Marx, focuses upon literary criticism as a refelction on a piece of literary work itself, while challenging social order. Marxist criticism also focuses upon economy, politics and art, linking all three of them together. In marxist criticism, Economics is the base of society.
It is a reflection of social institution(s) and is based off the background and ideology pertaining to the author. Class struggle is also outlined a great deal in marxist criticism and arises through economical/ ideological circumstances, while trying to get at what the text is "hiding". It argues that in literature the author's class is visible and the work of literature itself is a social institution.
Terms commonly found in Marxist Criticism:
- Base Vs. Superstructure- base signifies the economic base, where as superstructure grows from the bas and consists of cultural sciences.
- Ideology- very powerful, ideology is shared beliefs or values in a culture determined largely by economics
- Hegemony- widespread grouping of meanings (of texts), values (as culture) and assumptions
- Reification- way in which people are influenced into being "articles" which would be most useful for market exchange
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